Ressources · 1ʳᵉ · Anglais (LVA)
L'hypothèse et les conditionnels (types 1, 2, 3)
Exprimer des conditions réelles, hypothétiques et contrefactuelles en anglais — programme de 1re LVA (lycée général)
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Choisis ton niveau. Questions et réponses mélangées à chaque partie. Bonne chance !
Les 24 questions du QCM en version texte
Pour réviser sans écran ou imprimer : chaque question avec ses propositions ; la bonne réponse et son explication se déplient.
Niveau facile — 8 questions
If the bus ___ late, we will take a taxi.
- A. will be
- B. would be
- C. is
- D. were
Réponse
C. is — Type 1 : après if conditionnel, on emploie le présent simple, jamais will.
If it snowed tonight, the roads ___ dangerous tomorrow.
- A. would be
- B. will be
- C. are
- D. had been
Réponse
A. would be — Type 2 : prétérit modal après if, would + base verbale dans la principale.
If I had revised, I ___ the exam.
- A. would pass
- B. will pass
- C. passed
- D. would have passed
Réponse
D. would have passed — Type 3 : if + past perfect appelle would have + participe passé.
Quelle phrase est un conditionnel de type 2 correct ?
- A. If I would be rich, I travel.
- B. If I were rich, I would travel.
- C. If I am rich, I would travel.
- D. If I had been rich, I travel.
Réponse
B. If I were rich, I would travel. — Type 2 : if + prétérit modal (were) puis would + base verbale.
You will not understand the film ___ you read the subtitles.
- A. unless
- B. in case
- C. provided
- D. as though
Réponse
A. unless — Unless = « sauf si » : c'est la seule condition qui changerait le résultat annoncé.
I wish I ___ a bigger room.
- A. will have
- B. have
- C. would have had
- D. had
Réponse
D. had — I wish + prétérit modal pour un regret portant sur la situation présente.
If you ___ me tomorrow, I will explain everything.
- A. would call
- B. call
- C. called
- D. will call
Réponse
B. call — Type 1 : présent simple après if, will dans la principale.
She would help you if she ___ time.
- A. will have
- B. has
- C. had
- D. would have
Réponse
C. had — Type 2 : la principale en would impose un prétérit modal après if.
Niveau moyen — 8 questions
Le locuteur pense que la pluie est réellement possible. Quelle phrase choisit-il ?
- A. If it rained, we would stay in.
- B. If it rains, we will stay in.
- C. If it had rained, we would have stayed in.
- D. Had it rained, we would stay in.
Réponse
B. If it rains, we will stay in. — Une condition jugée réelle et encore ouverte relève du type 1.
If only she ___ me the truth before I signed.
- A. told
- B. would tell
- C. tells
- D. had told
Réponse
D. had told — Le regret porte sur un moment antérieur à la signature : if only + past perfect.
The club will accept your application ___ that you provide two references.
- A. provided
- B. unless
- C. in case
- D. as though
Réponse
A. provided — Provided that = « à condition que », registre formel, exigence à remplir.
I'd rather you ___ the window open at night.
- A. don't leave
- B. not leaving
- C. didn't leave
- D. won't leave
Réponse
C. didn't leave — Would rather + sujet différent : prétérit modal, donc didn't leave.
He behaves as though he ___ the manager, but he joined last month.
- A. is
- B. will be
- C. has been
- D. were
Réponse
D. were — As though + prétérit modal : la comparaison est contraire à la réalité présente.
Take a jumper ___ the evening gets cold.
- A. in case
- B. unless
- C. as long as
- D. provided that
Réponse
A. in case — In case exprime une précaution prise d'avance, indépendamment de ce qui arrivera.
Quelle phrase contient une faute ?
- A. If he asked me, I would say yes.
- B. If they had left, we would have noticed.
- C. If I would have known, I would have come.
- D. If you need help, call me.
Réponse
C. If I would have known, I would have come. — On n'emploie jamais would have après if conditionnel : la forme correcte est If I had known.
I don't know ___ the train will arrive on time.
- A. unless
- B. if
- C. in case
- D. provided that
Réponse
B. if — Ici if signifie whether (question rapportée) : will redevient possible après if.
Niveau difficile — 8 questions
If I had taken that flight, I ___ in Toronto now.
- A. would have been
- B. will be
- C. had been
- D. would be
Réponse
D. would be — Conditionnel mixte : condition passée, conséquence présente en would + base verbale.
If she weren't so impulsive, she ___ that email last night.
- A. would not send
- B. will not send
- C. would not have sent
- D. had not sent
Réponse
C. would not have sent — Mixte inverse : trait permanent au prétérit modal, conséquence passée en would not have + participe passé.
___ the manager been informed, the order would have arrived on time.
- A. If
- B. Had
- C. Should
- D. Were
Réponse
B. Had — Inversion du type 3 : Had + sujet + participe passé, sans if.
Quelle forme négative inversée est correcte ?
- A. Had I not seen it, I would not have believed it.
- B. Hadn't I seen it, I would not have believed it.
- C. Not had I seen it, I would not believe it.
- D. Had not I seen it, I would not believe it.
Réponse
A. Had I not seen it, I would not have believed it. — L'inversion refuse la contraction : on écrit Had I not seen it, jamais Hadn't I seen it.
___ you require further information, do not hesitate to write.
- A. Were
- B. Had
- C. Should
- D. Would
Réponse
C. Should — Should + sujet + base verbale remplace if you should require, dans un registre très formel.
I'd rather you ___ me about the change yesterday.
- A. told
- B. had told
- C. would tell
- D. tell
Réponse
B. had told — Would rather + sujet différent, reproche portant sur le passé : prétérit modal antérieur, donc had told.
Quelle phrase traduit correctement « Il parle comme s'il avait vécu là-bas » ?
- A. He speaks as if he had lived there.
- B. He speaks as if he lived there.
- C. He speaks as if he has lived there.
- D. He speaks like he lives there.
Réponse
A. He speaks as if he had lived there. — As if + past perfect quand l'expérience supposée est antérieure et non avérée.
Quelle phrase est incorrecte ?
- A. Unless you apologise, she will not forgive you.
- B. Provided that you pay, the room is yours.
- C. Were I in charge, I would change the rules.
- D. Unless you don't apologise, she will not forgive you.
Réponse
D. Unless you don't apologise, she will not forgive you. — Unless contient déjà la négation : la subordonnée qui le suit reste à la forme affirmative.
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