Lycée · 1ʳᵉ · Anglais (LVA)
Diversité et inclusion
Axe culturel 1 — Identités et échanges : comprendre les enjeux de la diversité culturelle, sociale et identitaire dans le monde anglophone (programme de 1re LVA)
À propos de cette page
Choisis ton niveau. Questions et réponses mélangées à chaque partie. Bonne chance !
Les 37 questions du QCM en version texte
Pour réviser sans écran ou imprimer : chaque question avec ses propositions ; la bonne réponse et son explication se déplient.
Niveau facile — 12 questions
What does 'diversity' mean?
- A. The exclusion of minorities
- B. The coexistence of people with different backgrounds and identities
- C. The process of assimilation into one culture
- D. A synonym for equality
Réponse
B. The coexistence of people with different backgrounds and identities — Diversity refers to the coexistence of people with different origins, cultures, genders, beliefs or experiences.
What does 'inclusion' mean?
- A. Simply hiring people from minorities
- B. Being present in a group
- C. Ensuring everyone is respected, valued and can participate fully
- D. A synonym for diversity
Réponse
C. Ensuring everyone is respected, valued and can participate fully — Inclusion goes beyond mere presence: it means every individual is actively welcomed and empowered to contribute.
Which amendment to the US Constitution abolished slavery?
- A. The 1st amendment
- B. The 13th amendment
- C. The 14th amendment
- D. The 19th amendment
Réponse
B. The 13th amendment — The 13th Amendment (1865) abolished slavery in the United States.
What is an 'ally' in the context of diversity?
- A. An enemy of diversity
- B. Someone from a minority group
- C. A person who actively supports a marginalised group
- D. A government official
Réponse
C. A person who actively supports a marginalised group — An ally is someone who is not a member of a marginalised group but actively supports its rights and dignity.
In which year was the Civil Rights Act passed in the US?
- A. 1954
- B. 1963
- C. 1964
- D. 1968
Réponse
C. 1964 — The Civil Rights Act was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on 2 July 1964.
What does 'prejudice' mean?
- A. A positive attitude towards minorities
- B. A negative attitude formed before knowing the facts
- C. A legal term for discrimination
- D. A synonym for stereotype
Réponse
B. A negative attitude formed before knowing the facts — Prejudice is a preconceived, usually negative, attitude towards members of a group.
What was the 'Windrush generation'?
- A. A group of British explorers
- B. Caribbean migrants who settled in the UK between 1948 and 1971
- C. A generation that opposed immigration
- D. A political party in Jamaica
Réponse
B. Caribbean migrants who settled in the UK between 1948 and 1971 — The Windrush generation refers to people who migrated from Caribbean countries to Britain after WW2, named after the ship Empire Windrush.
Which famous speech begins with 'I have a dream'?
- A. Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address
- B. Barack Obama's inauguration speech
- C. Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1963 speech at the March on Washington
- D. Malcolm X's 'The Ballot or the Bullet'
Réponse
C. Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1963 speech at the March on Washington — Martin Luther King Jr. delivered 'I Have a Dream' on 28 August 1963 during the March on Washington.
What does 'to discriminate against' mean?
- A. To celebrate differences
- B. To treat someone unfairly because of a characteristic
- C. To include everyone equally
- D. To criticise a group
Réponse
B. To treat someone unfairly because of a characteristic — To discriminate against = to treat someone less favourably because of their race, gender, religion, etc.
What is the 'melting pot' metaphor?
- A. A cooking show about American food
- B. The idea that immigrants blend into one unified American culture
- C. The idea that cultures coexist without mixing
- D. A term for cultural conflict
Réponse
B. The idea that immigrants blend into one unified American culture — The melting pot suggests that immigrants assimilate and blend into a unified national culture.
Which word means 'marginalisé(e)' in English?
- A. Empowered
- B. Marginalized
- C. Advocated
- D. Stereotyped
Réponse
B. Marginalized — Marginalized = pushed to the edges of society, excluded from mainstream social, economic or political life.
What does 'empowerment' refer to?
- A. The act of discriminating against a group
- B. The removal of voting rights
- C. The process of gaining power and control over one's own life
- D. A synonym for punishment
Réponse
C. The process of gaining power and control over one's own life — Empowerment refers to the process by which individuals or groups gain power, self-confidence and the ability to make choices.
Niveau moyen — 12 questions
What is the difference between 'equity' and 'equality'?
- A. They are synonyms
- B. Equity treats everyone identically; equality adjusts for differences
- C. Equality treats everyone identically; equity adjusts for unequal starting points
- D. Equity means total fairness; equality means giving the same resources
Réponse
C. Equality treats everyone identically; equity adjusts for unequal starting points — Equality gives everyone the same thing; equity accounts for different starting points to achieve fair outcomes.
What ruling did the US Supreme Court make in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?
- A. It legalised segregation
- B. It ended racial segregation in public schools
- C. It gave voting rights to African Americans
- D. It abolished slavery
Réponse
B. It ended racial segregation in public schools — Brown v. Board of Education overturned the 'separate but equal' doctrine and declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What is 'intersectionality'?
- A. A road junction in a city
- B. The idea that people can only face one form of discrimination
- C. The way multiple aspects of identity (race, gender, class…) overlap and create compounded discrimination
- D. A synonym for multiculturalism
Réponse
C. The way multiple aspects of identity (race, gender, class…) overlap and create compounded discrimination — Intersectionality, coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw, describes how overlapping social identities create unique and cumulative forms of discrimination.
Which sentence uses a correct concession structure?
- A. Despite the law changed, inequalities remain.
- B. Although the law changed, inequalities remain.
- C. Despite to change the law, inequalities remain.
- D. Even though of the law change, inequalities remain.
Réponse
B. Although the law changed, inequalities remain. — 'Although' is followed by a full clause (subject + verb). 'Despite' is followed by a noun or V-ing, not a full clause.
What is #BlackLivesMatter's main focus?
- A. Immigration reform
- B. Fighting police violence and systemic racism against Black people
- C. Promoting Black culture in the media
- D. Increasing political representation of women
Réponse
B. Fighting police violence and systemic racism against Black people — #BLM was founded in 2013 and fights against systemic racism, police brutality and structural inequalities affecting Black communities.
What does the 'salad bowl' metaphor suggest about cultural diversity?
- A. Cultures should blend into one
- B. Different cultures coexist while maintaining their distinctiveness
- C. Immigration should be restricted
- D. Cultural differences lead to conflict
Réponse
B. Different cultures coexist while maintaining their distinctiveness — The salad bowl metaphor suggests that, like ingredients in a salad, different cultures can coexist side by side while keeping their individual identities.
Which sentence correctly expresses opposition?
- A. Whereas I agree, I disagree.
- B. The UK is diverse whereas France is homogeneous.
- C. Whereas diversity, inclusion is missing.
- D. Whereas is important in all societies.
Réponse
B. The UK is diverse whereas France is homogeneous. — 'Whereas' connects two contrasting clauses, each with a subject and a verb.
What was the Stonewall uprising (1969)?
- A. A protest against the Vietnam War
- B. A series of spontaneous riots by LGBTQ+ people against police raids in New York
- C. A civil rights march in Alabama
- D. A feminist demonstration in London
Réponse
B. A series of spontaneous riots by LGBTQ+ people against police raids in New York — The Stonewall riots (June 1969) at the Stonewall Inn in New York City are considered the catalyst for the modern LGBTQ+ rights movement.
What is the Bechdel Test used for?
- A. Testing students' English level
- B. Checking whether a film has at least two named female characters who talk to each other about something other than a man
- C. Evaluating the diversity of a school
- D. Measuring the commercial success of a film
Réponse
B. Checking whether a film has at least two named female characters who talk to each other about something other than a man — The Bechdel Test (named after Alicia Bechdel) is a simple tool to assess gender representation in films and media.
Which UK law unified and strengthened anti-discrimination protections in 2010?
- A. The Race Relations Act
- B. The Equality Act
- C. The Human Rights Act
- D. The Diversity Act
Réponse
B. The Equality Act — The Equality Act (2010) consolidated multiple anti-discrimination laws into one, protecting against discrimination based on nine 'protected characteristics'.
What does 'colour-blind casting' mean in theatre and film?
- A. Casting actors who are visually impaired
- B. Distributing roles without regard to the actors' ethnic background
- C. Only casting actors from minority groups
- D. Refusing to adapt classic plays
Réponse
B. Distributing roles without regard to the actors' ethnic background — Colour-blind casting means choosing actors based on talent alone, regardless of their ethnicity, even when the original character was written for a different ethnicity.
What does 'own voices' mean in publishing?
- A. A publishing company's trademark
- B. Encouraging authors from marginalised groups to write their own communities' stories
- C. Books written in the author's mother tongue
- D. Stories told from a first-person perspective
Réponse
B. Encouraging authors from marginalised groups to write their own communities' stories — 'Own voices' promotes the idea that stories about marginalised communities are best written by authors who share those identities.
Niveau difficile — 13 questions
Which of the following best describes 'systemic racism'?
- A. Racist remarks made by individuals
- B. Racism embedded in laws, institutions and social structures, producing unequal outcomes regardless of individual intent
- C. A legal term for hate crime
- D. Racism that affects all ethnic groups equally
Réponse
B. Racism embedded in laws, institutions and social structures, producing unequal outcomes regardless of individual intent — Systemic (or structural) racism refers to cumulative and compounding ways in which policies, institutions and cultural representations create inequalities based on race.
The 'Windrush scandal' (2018) revealed that:
- A. The Windrush generation had never arrived legally in the UK
- B. Some Caribbean migrants who had lived legally in the UK for decades were wrongly detained or deported
- C. The UK had welcomed too many migrants
- D. The Commonwealth had dissolved its ties with Britain
Réponse
B. Some Caribbean migrants who had lived legally in the UK for decades were wrongly detained or deported — The Windrush scandal exposed how the 'hostile environment' immigration policy had led to the wrongful detention, denial of rights and deportation of British residents from the Caribbean.
How does intersectionality challenge traditional approaches to equality?
- A. It argues that all forms of discrimination are equally severe
- B. It suggests that equality can be achieved by focusing on one category at a time
- C. It highlights that addressing a single axis of identity (e.g. only gender) is insufficient because people face multiple, overlapping forms of oppression
- D. It rejects the concept of individual rights in favour of group rights
Réponse
C. It highlights that addressing a single axis of identity (e.g. only gender) is insufficient because people face multiple, overlapping forms of oppression — Kimberlé Crenshaw's intersectionality framework argues that focusing on single categories (race OR gender) fails to address the unique, combined discrimination faced by people with multiple marginalised identities.
What does Vernā Myers mean by 'Diversity is being invited to the party; inclusion is being asked to dance'?
- A. Diversity is about hiring quotas; inclusion is about social events
- B. Diversity means being numerically present; inclusion means actively participating and belonging
- C. Both terms mean the same thing in practice
- D. Diversity is enough to solve discrimination
Réponse
B. Diversity means being numerically present; inclusion means actively participating and belonging — The metaphor distinguishes between mere representation (diversity) and genuine belonging and engagement (inclusion): having diverse people in a room is not enough if they are not actively involved.
Which statement about the #MeToo movement is most accurate?
- A. It was founded in 2017 by actress Alyssa Milano
- B. The hashtag was created in 2006 by Tarana Burke and went viral in 2017 after revelations about Harvey Weinstein
- C. It exclusively focuses on workplace harassment in Hollywood
- D. It has only been active in the United States
Réponse
B. The hashtag was created in 2006 by Tarana Burke and went viral in 2017 after revelations about Harvey Weinstein — #MeToo was created in 2006 by activist Tarana Burke to support survivors of sexual violence. It went viral worldwide in October 2017 following the Weinstein revelations.
What is the key difference between the terms 'race' and 'ethnicity'?
- A. They are perfect synonyms
- B. Race is a social and political construct often based on physical characteristics; ethnicity refers to shared cultural heritage, language and customs
- C. Ethnicity is a scientific concept; race is a cultural one
- D. Race refers to nationality; ethnicity refers to language
Réponse
B. Race is a social and political construct often based on physical characteristics; ethnicity refers to shared cultural heritage, language and customs — Race is a socially constructed category often linked to physical appearance; ethnicity is a broader concept encompassing shared culture, language, history and customs.
Which of the following best illustrates the concept of 'tokenism'?
- A. A company hires a diverse range of employees across all levels
- B. A company hires one person from a minority group to appear inclusive without making structural changes
- C. A school teaches about different cultures in its curriculum
- D. A film casts a lead actor from a minority group in a complex role
Réponse
B. A company hires one person from a minority group to appear inclusive without making structural changes — Tokenism occurs when symbolic, minimal efforts are made to include members of minority groups without addressing underlying structural inequalities.
Which expression of concession is grammatically incorrect?
- A. Although she worked hard, she was underpaid.
- B. Despite working hard, she was underpaid.
- C. In spite of she worked hard, she was underpaid.
- D. Even though she worked hard, she was underpaid.
Réponse
C. In spite of she worked hard, she was underpaid. — 'In spite of' must be followed by a noun or V-ing, not a full clause. Correct form: 'In spite of working hard' or 'In spite of her hard work'.
What was the significance of the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
- A. It abolished slavery
- B. It established the 'separate but equal' doctrine that legalised racial segregation
- C. It gave voting rights to Black Americans
- D. It ended the Civil War
Réponse
B. It established the 'separate but equal' doctrine that legalised racial segregation — Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine, which was only overturned in 1954 by Brown v. Board of Education.
Which sentence best expresses a cause-and-effect relationship?
- A. Although representation matters, it shapes identity.
- B. Whereas representation matters, identity is shaped.
- C. Representation matters; as a result, it shapes how communities see themselves.
- D. Despite representation, identity matters.
Réponse
C. Representation matters; as a result, it shapes how communities see themselves. — 'As a result' correctly introduces a consequence. The other options use concession or opposition connectors incorrectly.
What does 'affirmative action' (or 'positive discrimination' in the UK) aim to do?
- A. Punish people who discriminate
- B. Actively increase the representation of historically underrepresented groups in education and employment
- C. Eliminate all forms of distinction between groups
- D. Restrict immigration to maintain cultural homogeneity
Réponse
B. Actively increase the representation of historically underrepresented groups in education and employment — Affirmative action refers to policies that favour members of disadvantaged groups to counteract the effects of historical discrimination.
What does the phrase 'glass ceiling' refer to in the context of gender and workplace inclusion?
- A. Architectural features in modern offices
- B. An invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from reaching senior positions
- C. Legal limits on female employment
- D. A transparent hiring process
Réponse
B. An invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from reaching senior positions — The 'glass ceiling' metaphor describes the invisible, unofficial barrier that prevents women and minorities from advancing beyond a certain level in organisations.
Why is the concept of 'representation in media' politically important for marginalised groups?
- A. Because media is the only source of information about minority groups
- B. Because media representation shapes cultural norms, self-image and public perception, influencing social attitudes and policy
- C. Because minorities own most media companies
- D. Because all stereotypes originate in media
Réponse
B. Because media representation shapes cultural norms, self-image and public perception, influencing social attitudes and policy — Media representation is politically significant because it constructs social realities: positive, complex portrayals can challenge prejudice and foster inclusion, while stereotyped or absent portrayals reinforce marginalisation.
Cours particuliers de anglais (lva) à Marseille, en présentiel ou à distance — un prof qui s'adapte à ton rythme et reprend ce qui coince.
Prof d'anglais à Marseille · Cours particuliers au lycée · Aide aux devoirs