Espace privé, espace public

Exercice 1 — Compréhension écrite
Corrigé :
1. Snowden revealed that the US government was conducting mass surveillance (programme PRISM), collecting phone records, emails and internet communications on a global scale. (1 pt)
2. Snowden believed PRISM was illegal because it violated the Fourth Amendment of the US Constitution, which protects citizens against 'unreasonable searches'. He argued citizens had a right to know. (2 pts)
3. The text shows the tension through opposing reactions: the government justified surveillance as a security measure and charged Snowden with espionage, while civil liberties groups saw him as a hero defending individual rights. This illustrates how security and privacy are seen as competing values. (2 pts)

Exercice 2 — Vocabulaire et notions
Corrigé :
1 → D (digital footprint = trail of data from online activity)
2 → A (whistleblower = someone who exposes illegal information)
3 → B (privacy paradox = gap between values and behaviour)
4 → C (personal branding = managing one's public image)
1 point par bonne réponse.

Exercice 3 — Grammaire : opposition et concession
Corrigé :
1. Social media is useful; however, it also threatens privacy. (1 pt)
2. Despite her fame, she guards her private life carefully. (1 pt — 'despite' + nom, sans 'that')
3. Americans value free speech, whereas Europeans prioritise data protection. (1 pt)
4. Although surveillance increases security, it raises civil liberties concerns. (1 pt — 'although' + sujet + verbe)

Exercice 4 — Expression écrite : développement argumenté
Corrigé (réponse-type) :
Social media has undeniably eroded traditional notions of privacy. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok encourage users to share personal moments, location data and daily routines, while their algorithms collect vast amounts of behavioural data — often without users' full awareness. The Cambridge Analytica scandal demonstrated that this data could even be weaponised politically. In this sense, social media has indeed made true privacy increasingly difficult to maintain.

However, privacy has not entirely disappeared. Users retain some degree of control: they can adjust their privacy settings, use pseudonyms or simply choose what not to share. Furthermore, regulations such as the GDPR in Europe grant citizens the right to access and delete their personal data. The issue, therefore, is not so much the death of privacy as the need for greater digital literacy and stronger legal frameworks to protect it.

Grille : contenu/argumentation (2 pts) + vocabulaire de l'axe (1 pt) + grammaire/connecteurs (1 pt) + structure (1 pt) = 5 pts

Exercice 5 — Synthèse orale (préparation écrite)
Corrigé (plan attendu) :
Introduction : Define surveillance and privacy. Problematic: Does mass digital surveillance inevitably threaten individual freedoms?
Point 1 : Surveillance as a security tool — PATRIOT Act, CCTV in the UK, real benefits (preventing terrorism, crime). Example: British CCTV network.
Point 2 : Surveillance as a threat to civil liberties — Snowden/PRISM, data collected by GAFAM, chilling effect on free speech. Example: Cambridge Analytica.
Conclusion : Balance is essential. Legal frameworks (GDPR) and public awareness are key. Personal opinion: privacy is a fundamental right that must be actively defended.
1 pt structure correcte + 1 pt vocabulaire de l'axe utilisé.